The kingpins were now fixed to the axle ends and the hub carriers pivoted upon them. Ackermann steering has the two advantages that it reduces tyre scrub, the need to drag tyres sideways across their tread when turning the steering, and also it reduced bump steer, suspension and road bumps tending to upset the steering direction. The beam axle between them remains fixed relative to the chassis, linked by the suspension. Some early cars also used centre pivot steering, although it became apparent that it was unsuitable for their increasing speeds.Īckermann steering separates the steering movement into two pivots, one near the hub of each front wheel. Similar centre pivot steering was used by steam traction engines, the kingpin being mounted on the 'perch bracket' beneath the boiler. This located the axle from side to side, but the weight of the wagon was carried on a circular wooden ring turntable surrounding this. Originally, with the 'turntable' steering of horse-drawn wagons, this was a single pin on which the moveable axle was pivoted beneath the wagon's frame. The term is also used to refer to part of a fifth wheel coupling apparatus for a semi and its trailer or other load. The kingpin (also king-pin, king pin and k pin) is the main pivot in the steering mechanism of a car or other vehicle. The steering kingpin at the ends of the forked beam axle on a Ford Model T
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